Der Begriff Bio ist in unseren Supermärkten allgegenwärtig, doch was bedeutet er eigentlich? Was steckt hinter Bio-Produkten? Sind Bio-Lebensmittel gesünder?
Der Infodienst des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz gibt darüber eine eindeutige Auskunft: Bio-Lebensmittel sind gesünder. Sie enthalten weniger Nitrat, mehr Nährstoffe und sind geeigneter für Allergieempfindliche Menschen. Doch Bio Lebensmittel sind nicht nur gut für die Gesundheit, viele Verbraucher kaufen diese Produkte auch aus ökologischem Bewusstsein heraus. Ob der bewusste Umgang mit dem eigenen Konsumverhalten oder ein Umweltbewusstsein. Die Nachhaltigkeit einer tier- und umweltfreundlichen Landwirtschaft entlastet die Ressourcen kommender Generationen. Bio Verbraucher machen sich also Gedanken über die Herkunft ihrer Lebensmittel. Daher fragen wir uns: Was steckt eigentlich wirklich hinter Bio?
Bio bedeutet ökologische Landwirtschaft und Erzeugung. Der ökologische Landbau wirtschaftet im Einklang mit der Natur und die Achtung und Erhaltung des natürlichen Kreislaufes vom Boden zur Pflanze stehen im Vordergrund. Biobauern lassen ihren Pflanzen Zeit. Je länger Wurzeln im Boden bleiben, Blätter am Baum oder Früchte am Strauch, desto mehr Nähr- und Farbstoffe entwickeln sie. Als so genannte sekundäre Pflanzenstoffe kommen sie uns dann zugute. Außerdem schmecken solche Pflanzen intensiver: Sie enthalten weniger Wasser.
Außerdem gibt es Mindestrichtlinien, welche ein Mindestmaß an Bio garantieren wie eine artgerechte Tierhaltung, Futter vom eigenen Hof oder anderen Bio-Betrieben, keine Duldung tierquälerischer Tiertransporte, keine Gentechnik, möglichst regionale Vermarktung, Schonung des Grundwassers, Zwei- bis Vierfelderwirtschaft und keine Verwendung von Kunstdünger oder chemischen Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel. Ebenfalls darf die Weiterentwicklung der Nahrungsmittel nur mit zulässigen Zutaten geschehen – auch hier ist keine Chemie erlaubt.
Aber wie kontrolliert man nun all das?
Es finden regelmäßige Kontrollen der Lebensmittel und Betriebe durch unabhängige zertifizierte Kontrollstellen statt. Auch Lieferscheine und Zertifikate werden geprüft sowie die Buchhaltung und das Stallbuch eingesehen. Die Prüfer schauen sich Rezepturen, Einkaufszahlen oder auch Medikamente an und vordern zum Schluss eine Versicherung für wahrheitsgemäße Inhalte vom Betreiber ein.
Das Marketing der Lebensmittelindustrie ist allerdings sehr kreativ, den Verbraucher auf eine falsche Fährte zu locken. Die Worte klingen nur nach Bio. Etwa: “kontrollierter Anbau”, “alternativ”, “integriert”, “natürliche Herstellung” oder “kontrollierter Vertragsanbau”. Wer echte Bio-Produkte sucht, kann solche Waren gleich im Regal lassen.
38 Gedanken zu „Was steckt wirklich hinter Bio?“
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